As digital technologies permeate the economy, politics, and everyday life, the concept of digital sovereignty is gaining increasing importance. However, a universal definition is lacking in the literature. The research’s novelty lies in its systematization of the key concepts of digital sovereignty and the approaches various countries take to implementing it. Of particular interest is the analysis of the internal and external factors that determine the degree of strategic digital autonomy for each state. The author argues for the need for a flexible strategy aimed at achieving strategic autonomy in critical areas while simultaneously leveraging the benefits of international technological cooperation and strengthening the use of soft educational and awareness-raising measures and tools.

On social networks, algorithms determine whether users see certain content, requiring marketers to identify and analyze the key parameters that govern the logic of these algorithms. This article presents a systematization and comprehensive analysis of the key factors that social networks algorithms consider when selecting, ranking, and displaying text, photo, and video content. Based on these factors, the recommendations for optimizing social networks marketing strategies have been developed. The analysis identified key factors such as consumer engagement, user preferences, content alignment with platform (social network) priorities, content novelty, previous success (positive experience) of publications, and viewership duration. Methodological recommendations for company promotion on social networks, taking each of these factors into account, are proposed.

This article examines the development of a comprehensive management model for training competitive specialists in the digital economy, based on the integration of the education system and the labor market. The relevance of the study stems from the insufficient alignment of training and employer demands, which reduces the effectiveness of HR policies. An integrative and adaptive framework has been developed that combines the requirements of the digital sector, networked forms of collaboration, digital tools, and a system of objective performance indicators. The article presents the structural elements of the model, mechanisms for coordinating educational organizations and enterprises, tools for monitoring career trajectories, and methods for creating individual educational paths. Particular attention is paid to digital platforms and performance indicators, which allow for the refinement of the training program based on real data. The methodological basis of the study included theoretical analysis, a comparison of practices, and a study of modern publications.

This article explores the paradigm shift in human capital management amid the transition from “Industry 4.0” to “Industry 5.0”. It argues that modern technological transformation poses no threat of human displacement, but rather a catalyst for the emergence of “Human Capital 5.0” – a new sociotechnical model in which technologies, including artificial intelligence and collaborative robotics, act as a professional exoskeleton that expands workers’ cognitive and physical capabilities. Particular emphasis is placed on analyzing the synergy between accumulated professional experience and advanced digital tools. It is established that this synergy enables increasing productivity and inclusivity in the workplace, as well as the realization of the full potential of human capital, transforming employees into a key asset for calibrating and managing intelligent systems.

This article examines the problem of reducing the financial risks of economic entities in the context of the large-scale implementation of autonomous intelligent agents. It demonstrates that existing security threats to systems with large language models, such as steganographic injections and search-based augmentation generation, are transforming from technical incidents into significant operational risk factors capable of causing direct economic damage amounting to millions of dollars. A financial risk assessment method is proposed based on the total cost of ownership objective function, which includes operating costs and expected annual losses, as well as a discounted analysis for investment justification of security measures. The Isolated Multiagent Arbitration architecture is considered as a practical implementation. It implements the principle of layered protection and isolation of generation from execution and includes a deep file inspection module, a custom auditor model for post-generation response analysis, and a mechanism for dynamically assessing the trustworthiness of sources in search-based augmentation generation.

The energy intensity of the Belarusian mechanical engineering industry remains high – approximately 250 kWh per 1 BYR of output, making further improvements to energy efficiency strategically important. In the first half of 2025, MAZ OJSC achieved an energy savings rate of 6.9 %. The company still lacks an integrated real-time system that would analyze sensor data and predict equipment energy consumption for optimal mode planning and peak load reduction. This article presents an integrated model: IoT sensors collect data on power, vibration, and load, an LSTM neural network accurately forecasts energy consumption for several hours in advance, and an intelligent optimizer automatically redistributes production processes among favorable tariff zones. The system integrates with MAZ’s existing automated metering systems. The model will reduce energy consumption to 98.9 kWh/BYR with a phased implementation of the system in 2026, beginning with a pilot project in the second quarter of this year and achieving full effectiveness by 2027.

This article presents a feasibility study for the use of an electronic competency passport as an innovative solution for the digital transformation of professional qualifications verification systems in the Republic of Belarus. The relevance of the study is determined by necessity to improve the efficiency of professional qualifications basic verification processes for employees during mass recruitment in the context of the digitalization of the economy. The electronic competency passport is a standard ID-1 format smart card with 64 KB of non-volatile memory, designed to store and verify information on 200–300 verified competencies. The economic feasibility of creating an electronic competency passport system for the mass verification of basic qualifications is substantiated. The practical significance of the results is determined by their potential application for developing a national strategy for the digitalization of professional qualifications records, selecting the optimal technological solution for mass recruitment, and improving basic qualifications verification processes in organizations across the country.